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@ -1136,12 +1136,12 @@ estimation (Critic).</p>
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<p><strong>Centralized Architecture (Baseline)</strong></p>
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<p>This pipeline treats the agent as a single entity and uses standard Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO).</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Centralized Actor: Composed of two chained MLPs (Sensor $\rightarrow$ Motor) passing a hidden state between them. The
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<li>Centralized Actor: Composed of two chained MLPs (Sensor <span class="arithmatex">\(\rightarrow\)</span> Motor) passing a hidden state between them. The
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centralized sensor receives the concatenated global state vector of all limbs at once and processes it into a hidden
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state. The centralized motor receives this hidden state and outputs the joint offsets for all actuators
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simultaneously. This is mathematically equivalent to using one large MLP with hidden layers, but splitting makes the
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implementation easier by allowing us to reuse the same components for the decentralized modules.</li>
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<li>Centralized Critic: Composed of two sequential MLPs (Feature Extractor $\rightarrow$ Critic). Because PPO evaluates
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<li>Centralized Critic: Composed of two sequential MLPs (Feature Extractor <span class="arithmatex">\(\rightarrow\)</span> Critic). Because PPO evaluates
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the state-value function, this network only receives the concatenated global state vector (no actions). It outputs a
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single scalar estimating the expected future reward for the entire agent.</li>
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</ul>
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@ -1172,10 +1172,10 @@ variant.</p>
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<li>Decentralized Actor, split into three distinct models:</li>
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<li>Sensor: A local model at each node. It receives its local state plus the goal vector directly, processing them into
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an initial hidden state.</li>
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<li>Propagator: Nodes synchronously compute and exchange messages with connected neighbors for $N$ steps to update
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<li>Propagator: Nodes synchronously compute and exchange messages with connected neighbors for <span class="arithmatex">\(N\)</span> steps to update
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their hidden states. See <a href="../communication/">communication.md</a> for details.</li>
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<li>Motor: A local model uses its final updated hidden state to output the joint offset strictly for its own actuator.</li>
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<li>Centralized Critic: Composed of two sequential MLPs (Feature Extractor $\rightarrow$ Critic). During training, it
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<li>Centralized Critic: Composed of two sequential MLPs (Feature Extractor <span class="arithmatex">\(\rightarrow\)</span> Critic). During training, it
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acts globally by taking the concatenated state vectors from all sensors to output a single, global state-value scalar
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evaluating the entire agent's pose.</li>
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</ul>
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@ -1217,7 +1217,7 @@ critic for all nodes at once, for the following reasons:</p>
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Prop -.->|"message passing"|Prop</code></pre>
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<h2 id="implementation-details-network-depth">Implementation Details (Network Depth)</h2>
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<p>Inspired by: https://iclr-blog-track.github.io/2022/03/25/ppo-implementation-details/</p>
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<p>Inspired by: <a href="https://iclr-blog-track.github.io/2022/03/25/ppo-implementation-details/">PPO Implementation Details</a></p>
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<p>The MLPs used in both pipelines are defined with specific hidden layer configurations to balance learning capability
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and computational cost. As of right now, though this might change as we make progress in our experiments, we use:</p>
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<ul>
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@ -1233,9 +1233,9 @@ and computational cost. As of right now, though this might change as we make pro
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by previous research to maintain learning stability.</p>
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<p><strong>References</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>Ha, D. (2017, October 29). A Visual Guide to Evolution Strategies. 大トロ ・ Machine Learning. https://blog.otoro.net/2017/10/29/visual-evolution-strategies/</li>
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<li>Schulman, John, Filip Wolski, Prafulla Dhariwal, Alec Radford, and Oleg Klimov. ‘Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms’. arXiv:1707.06347. Preprint, arXiv, 28 August 2017. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1707.06347.</li>
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<li>Wang, Tingwu, Renjie Liao, Jimmy Ba, and S. Fidler. ‘NerveNet: Learning Structured Policy with Graph Neural Networks’. Conference paper presented at International Conference on Learning Representations. 15 February 2018. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/NerveNet:-Learning-Structured-Policy-with-Graph-Wang-Liao/249408527106d7595d45dd761dd53c83e5a02613.</li>
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<li>Ha, D. (2017, October 29). A Visual Guide to Evolution Strategies. 大トロ ・ Machine Learning. <a href="https://blog.otoro.net/2017/10/29/visual-evolution-strategies/">https://blog.otoro.net/2017/10/29/visual-evolution-strategies/</a></li>
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<li>Schulman, John, Filip Wolski, Prafulla Dhariwal, Alec Radford, and Oleg Klimov. ‘Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms’. arXiv:1707.06347. Preprint, arXiv, 28 August 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1707.06347">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1707.06347</a>.</li>
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<li>Wang, Tingwu, Renjie Liao, Jimmy Ba, and S. Fidler. ‘NerveNet: Learning Structured Policy with Graph Neural Networks’. Conference paper presented at International Conference on Learning Representations. 15 February 2018. <a href="https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/NerveNet:-Learning-Structured-Policy-with-Graph-Wang-Liao/249408527106d7595d45dd761dd53c83e5a02613">https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/NerveNet:-Learning-Structured-Policy-with-Graph-Wang-Liao/249408527106d7595d45dd761dd53c83e5a02613</a>.</li>
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</ul>
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@ -1291,6 +1291,10 @@ by previous research to maintain learning stability.</p>
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