diff --git a/backend/src/controllers/learning-objects.ts b/backend/src/controllers/learning-objects.ts
index 71cac105..706c02b9 100644
--- a/backend/src/controllers/learning-objects.ts
+++ b/backend/src/controllers/learning-objects.ts
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ import { Request, Response } from 'express';
 import { FALLBACK_LANG } from '../config.js';
 import learningObjectService from '../services/learning-objects/learning-object-service.js';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../util/envvars.js';
-import { Language } from '../entities/content/language.js';
 import attachmentService from '../services/learning-objects/attachment-service.js';
 import { NotFoundError } from '@mikro-orm/core';
 import { BadRequestException } from '../exceptions/bad-request-exception.js';
 import { FilteredLearningObject, LearningObjectIdentifier, LearningPathIdentifier } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 function getLearningObjectIdentifierFromRequest(req: Request): LearningObjectIdentifier {
     if (!req.params.hruid) {
diff --git a/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts b/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts
index 04e44b59..23b77115 100644
--- a/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts
+++ b/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import { Request, Response } from 'express';
 import { themes } from '../data/themes.js';
 import { FALLBACK_LANG } from '../config.js';
 import learningPathService from '../services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.js';
-import { Language } from '../entities/content/language.js';
 import {
     PersonalizationTarget,
     personalizedForGroup,
@@ -10,6 +9,7 @@ import {
 } from '../services/learning-paths/learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import { BadRequestException } from '../exceptions/bad-request-exception.js';
 import { NotFoundException } from '../exceptions/not-found-exception.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 /**
  * Fetch learning paths based on query parameters.
diff --git a/backend/src/controllers/questions.ts b/backend/src/controllers/questions.ts
index 0f0604b2..2a31a124 100644
--- a/backend/src/controllers/questions.ts
+++ b/backend/src/controllers/questions.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import { Request, Response } from 'express';
 import { createQuestion, deleteQuestion, getAllQuestions, getAnswersByQuestion, getQuestion } from '../services/questions.js';
 import { FALLBACK_LANG, FALLBACK_SEQ_NUM } from '../config.js';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../entities/content/learning-object-identifier.js';
-import { Language } from '../entities/content/language.js';
 import { QuestionDTO, QuestionId } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/question';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 function getObjectId(req: Request, res: Response): LearningObjectIdentifier | null {
     const { hruid, version } = req.params;
diff --git a/backend/src/controllers/submissions.ts b/backend/src/controllers/submissions.ts
index 9ef2df6e..d466a49d 100644
--- a/backend/src/controllers/submissions.ts
+++ b/backend/src/controllers/submissions.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { Request, Response } from 'express';
 import { createSubmission, deleteSubmission, getSubmission } from '../services/submissions.js';
-import { Language, languageMap } from '../entities/content/language.js';
 
 import { SubmissionDTO } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/submission';
+import { Language, languageMap } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 interface SubmissionParams {
     hruid: string;
diff --git a/backend/src/data/content/attachment-repository.ts b/backend/src/data/content/attachment-repository.ts
index 95c5ab1c..d71a8d6b 100644
--- a/backend/src/data/content/attachment-repository.ts
+++ b/backend/src/data/content/attachment-repository.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { DwengoEntityRepository } from '../dwengo-entity-repository.js';
 import { Attachment } from '../../entities/content/attachment.entity.js';
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../entities/content/learning-object-identifier';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 export class AttachmentRepository extends DwengoEntityRepository<Attachment> {
     public findByLearningObjectIdAndName(learningObjectId: LearningObjectIdentifier, name: string): Promise<Attachment | null> {
diff --git a/backend/src/data/content/learning-object-repository.ts b/backend/src/data/content/learning-object-repository.ts
index 49b4c536..996a53bd 100644
--- a/backend/src/data/content/learning-object-repository.ts
+++ b/backend/src/data/content/learning-object-repository.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { DwengoEntityRepository } from '../dwengo-entity-repository.js';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../entities/content/learning-object.entity.js';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../entities/content/learning-object-identifier.js';
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language.js';
 import { Teacher } from '../../entities/users/teacher.entity.js';
 
 export class LearningObjectRepository extends DwengoEntityRepository<LearningObject> {
diff --git a/backend/src/data/content/learning-path-repository.ts b/backend/src/data/content/learning-path-repository.ts
index a2f9b47e..59e4e282 100644
--- a/backend/src/data/content/learning-path-repository.ts
+++ b/backend/src/data/content/learning-path-repository.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { DwengoEntityRepository } from '../dwengo-entity-repository.js';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../entities/content/learning-path.entity.js';
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 export class LearningPathRepository extends DwengoEntityRepository<LearningPath> {
     public findByHruidAndLanguage(hruid: string, language: Language): Promise<LearningPath | null> {
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/assignments/assignment.entity.ts b/backend/src/entities/assignments/assignment.entity.ts
index daa71ed6..59b71d67 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/assignments/assignment.entity.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/assignments/assignment.entity.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { Entity, Enum, ManyToOne, OneToMany, PrimaryKey, Property } from '@mikro-orm/core';
 import { Class } from '../classes/class.entity.js';
 import { Group } from './group.entity.js';
-import { Language } from '../content/language.js';
 import { AssignmentRepository } from '../../data/assignments/assignment-repository.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 @Entity({
     repository: () => AssignmentRepository,
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/assignments/submission.entity.ts b/backend/src/entities/assignments/submission.entity.ts
index fbaa2791..333595b7 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/assignments/submission.entity.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/assignments/submission.entity.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { Student } from '../users/student.entity.js';
 import { Group } from './group.entity.js';
 import { Entity, Enum, ManyToOne, PrimaryKey, Property } from '@mikro-orm/core';
-import { Language } from '../content/language.js';
 import { SubmissionRepository } from '../../data/assignments/submission-repository.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 @Entity({ repository: () => SubmissionRepository })
 export class Submission {
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier.ts b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier.ts
index 3c020bd7..afc9b7d5 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Language } from './language.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 
 export class LearningObjectIdentifier {
     constructor(
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object.entity.ts b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object.entity.ts
index 9eda22ba..b0e941c0 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object.entity.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-object.entity.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import { Embeddable, Embedded, Entity, Enum, ManyToMany, OneToMany, PrimaryKey, Property } from '@mikro-orm/core';
-import { Language } from './language.js';
 import { Attachment } from './attachment.entity.js';
 import { Teacher } from '../users/teacher.entity.js';
 import { DwengoContentType } from '../../services/learning-objects/processing/content-type.js';
 import { v4 } from 'uuid';
 import { LearningObjectRepository } from '../../data/content/learning-object-repository.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 @Embeddable()
 export class EducationalGoal {
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.ts b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.ts
index 03499270..129ff708 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Entity, Enum, ManyToOne, OneToMany, PrimaryKey, Property, Rel } from '@mikro-orm/core';
-import { Language } from './language.js';
 import { LearningPath } from './learning-path.entity.js';
 import { LearningPathTransition } from './learning-path-transition.entity.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 @Entity()
 export class LearningPathNode {
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path.entity.ts b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path.entity.ts
index 888cc0cf..f486d5b1 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path.entity.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/content/learning-path.entity.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { Entity, Enum, ManyToMany, OneToMany, PrimaryKey, Property } from '@mikro-orm/core';
-import { Language } from './language.js';
 import { Teacher } from '../users/teacher.entity.js';
 import { LearningPathRepository } from '../../data/content/learning-path-repository.js';
 import { LearningPathNode } from './learning-path-node.entity.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 @Entity({ repository: () => LearningPathRepository })
 export class LearningPath {
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/questions/question.entity.ts b/backend/src/entities/questions/question.entity.ts
index 058ba6b3..8f2bca53 100644
--- a/backend/src/entities/questions/question.entity.ts
+++ b/backend/src/entities/questions/question.entity.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Entity, Enum, ManyToOne, PrimaryKey, Property } from '@mikro-orm/core';
-import { Language } from '../content/language.js';
 import { Student } from '../users/student.entity.js';
 import { QuestionRepository } from '../../data/questions/question-repository.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 @Entity({ repository: () => QuestionRepository })
 export class Question {
diff --git a/backend/src/interfaces/assignment.ts b/backend/src/interfaces/assignment.ts
index c437f155..e5f2a53d 100644
--- a/backend/src/interfaces/assignment.ts
+++ b/backend/src/interfaces/assignment.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+import { languageMap } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 import { FALLBACK_LANG } from '../config.js';
 import { Assignment } from '../entities/assignments/assignment.entity.js';
 import { Class } from '../entities/classes/class.entity.js';
-import { languageMap } from '../entities/content/language.js';
 import { AssignmentDTO } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/assignment';
 
 export function mapToAssignmentDTOId(assignment: Assignment): AssignmentDTO {
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.ts
index a0eb1850..a4cf886d 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { LearningObjectProvider } from './learning-object-provider.js';
 import { getLearningObjectRepository, getLearningPathRepository } from '../../data/repositories.js';
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language.js';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../entities/content/learning-object.entity.js';
 import { getUrlStringForLearningObject } from '../../util/links.js';
 import processingService from './processing/processing-service.js';
@@ -8,6 +7,7 @@ import { NotFoundError } from '@mikro-orm/core';
 import learningObjectService from './learning-object-service.js';
 import { getLogger, Logger } from '../../logging/initalize.js';
 import { FilteredLearningObject, LearningObjectIdentifier, LearningPathIdentifier } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 const logger: Logger = getLogger();
 
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/markdown/dwengo-marked-renderer.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/markdown/dwengo-marked-renderer.ts
index 3b9ad4e5..c2d04bd5 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/markdown/dwengo-marked-renderer.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/markdown/dwengo-marked-renderer.ts
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ import InlineImageProcessor from '../image/inline-image-processor.js';
 import * as marked from 'marked';
 import { getUrlStringForLearningObjectHTML, isValidHttpUrl } from '../../../../util/links.js';
 import { ProcessingError } from '../processing-error.js';
-import { Language } from '../../../../entities/content/language.js';
 
 import Image = marked.Tokens.Image;
 import Heading = marked.Tokens.Heading;
 import Link = marked.Tokens.Link;
 import RendererObject = marked.RendererObject;
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 const prefixes = {
     learningObject: '@learning-object',
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/processing-service.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/processing-service.ts
index ba83e83a..d206f788 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/processing-service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-objects/processing/processing-service.ts
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ import GiftProcessor from './gift/gift-processor.js';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../entities/content/learning-object.entity.js';
 import Processor from './processor.js';
 import { DwengoContentType } from './content-type.js';
-import { Language } from '../../../entities/content/language.js';
 import { replaceAsync } from '../../../util/async.js';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 const EMBEDDED_LEARNING_OBJECT_PLACEHOLDER = /<learning-object hruid="([^"]+)" language="([^"]+)" version="([^"]+)"\/>/g;
 const LEARNING_OBJECT_DOES_NOT_EXIST = "<div class='non-existing-learning-object' />";
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts
index fe677fd1..cef2eb90 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { LearningPathProvider } from './learning-path-provider.js';
 import { LearningPath as LearningPathEntity } from '../../entities/content/learning-path.entity.js';
 import { getLearningPathRepository } from '../../data/repositories.js';
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language.js';
 import learningObjectService from '../learning-objects/learning-object-service.js';
 import { LearningPathNode } from '../../entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.js';
 import { LearningPathTransition } from '../../entities/content/learning-path-transition.entity.js';
@@ -13,6 +12,7 @@ import {
     LearningPathResponse,
     Transition,
 } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 /**
  * Fetches the corresponding learning object for each of the nodes and creates a map that maps each node to its
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts
index a904296a..99a05ab0 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 import { PersonalizationTarget } from './learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import { LearningPath, LearningPathResponse } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
 
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts
index c698e1bf..a82880dd 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import dwengoApiLearningPathProvider from './dwengo-api-learning-path-provider.js';
 import databaseLearningPathProvider from './database-learning-path-provider.js';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../../util/envvars.js';
-import { Language } from '../../entities/content/language.js';
 import { PersonalizationTarget } from './learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import { LearningPath, LearningPathResponse } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 const userContentPrefix = getEnvVar(EnvVars.UserContentPrefix);
 const allProviders = [dwengoApiLearningPathProvider, databaseLearningPathProvider];
diff --git a/backend/src/services/submissions.ts b/backend/src/services/submissions.ts
index 0fa9811d..f3bf38ce 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/submissions.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/submissions.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { getGroupRepository, getSubmissionRepository } from '../data/repositories.js';
-import { Language } from '../entities/content/language.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
+import { getSubmissionRepository } from '../data/repositories.js';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../entities/content/learning-object-identifier.js';
 import { mapToSubmission, mapToSubmissionDTO } from '../interfaces/submission.js';
 import { SubmissionDTO } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/submission';
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/assignments/submissions.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/assignments/submissions.test.ts
index cd212b77..d2595973 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/assignments/submissions.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/assignments/submissions.test.ts
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ import {
     getSubmissionRepository,
 } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { StudentRepository } from '../../../src/data/users/student-repository';
 import { GroupRepository } from '../../../src/data/assignments/group-repository';
 import { AssignmentRepository } from '../../../src/data/assignments/assignment-repository';
 import { ClassRepository } from '../../../src/data/classes/class-repository';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 
 describe('SubmissionRepository', () => {
     let submissionRepository: SubmissionRepository;
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/content/attachments.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/content/attachments.test.ts
index 94e132a9..42adc507 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/content/attachments.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/content/attachments.test.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { getAttachmentRepository, getLearningObjectRepository } from '../../../s
 import { AttachmentRepository } from '../../../src/data/content/attachment-repository.js';
 import { LearningObjectRepository } from '../../../src/data/content/learning-object-repository.js';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier.js';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language.js';
 
 describe('AttachmentRepository', () => {
     let attachmentRepository: AttachmentRepository;
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/content/learning-objects.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/content/learning-objects.test.ts
index 712f75c9..c996f7cd 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/content/learning-objects.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/content/learning-objects.test.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { LearningObjectRepository } from '../../../src/data/content/learning-obj
 import { getLearningObjectRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 
 describe('LearningObjectRepository', () => {
     let learningObjectRepository: LearningObjectRepository;
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/content/learning-path-repository.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/content/learning-path-repository.test.ts
index 8dbff3c1..1b03b761 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/content/learning-path-repository.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/content/learning-path-repository.test.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { LearningPathRepository } from '../../../src/data/content/learning-path-
 import example from '../../test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example.js';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity.js';
 import { expectToBeCorrectEntity } from '../../test-utils/expectations.js';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language.js';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 
 function expectToHaveFoundPrecisely(expected: LearningPath, result: LearningPath[]): void {
     expect(result).toHaveProperty('length');
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/content/learning-paths.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/content/learning-paths.test.ts
index 01fd20e5..37801e1a 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/content/learning-paths.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/content/learning-paths.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 import { getLearningPathRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import { LearningPathRepository } from '../../../src/data/content/learning-path-repository';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 
 describe('LearningPathRepository', () => {
     let learningPathRepository: LearningPathRepository;
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/questions/answers.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/questions/answers.test.ts
index bcc62cf6..1ac7612e 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/questions/answers.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/questions/answers.test.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
 import { AnswerRepository } from '../../../src/data/questions/answer-repository';
 import { getAnswerRepository, getQuestionRepository, getTeacherRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import { QuestionRepository } from '../../../src/data/questions/question-repository';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { TeacherRepository } from '../../../src/data/users/teacher-repository';
 
 describe('AnswerRepository', () => {
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/questions/questions.test.ts b/backend/tests/data/questions/questions.test.ts
index 7b408df4..b3a43567 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/questions/questions.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/data/questions/questions.test.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
 import { QuestionRepository } from '../../../src/data/questions/question-repository';
 import { getLearningObjectRepository, getQuestionRepository, getStudentRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import { StudentRepository } from '../../../src/data/users/student-repository';
 import { LearningObjectRepository } from '../../../src/data/content/learning-object-repository';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object-identifier';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 
 describe('QuestionRepository', () => {
     let questionRepository: QuestionRepository;
diff --git a/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.test.ts b/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.test.ts
index a3317041..381bd4e2 100644
--- a/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
 import { getLearningObjectRepository, getLearningPathRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import example from '../../test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example';
+import learningObjectExample from '../../test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
 import databaseLearningObjectProvider from '../../../src/services/learning-objects/database-learning-object-provider';
 import { expectToBeCorrectFilteredLearningObject } from '../../test-utils/expectations';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
-import learningObjectExample from '../../test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example';
 import learningPathExample from '../../test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
-import {FilteredLearningObject} from "dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content";
+import { FilteredLearningObject } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
 
 async function initExampleData(): Promise<{ learningObject: LearningObject; learningPath: LearningPath }> {
     const learningObjectRepo = getLearningObjectRepository();
diff --git a/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/learning-object-service.test.ts b/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/learning-object-service.test.ts
index 481dc702..9d2d87a6 100644
--- a/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/learning-object-service.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/services/learning-objects/learning-object-service.test.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
 import { getLearningObjectRepository, getLearningPathRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import learningObjectExample from '../../test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example';
 import learningObjectService from '../../../src/services/learning-objects/learning-object-service';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../../../src/util/envvars';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
 import learningPathExample from '../../test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example';
-import {LearningObjectIdentifier, LearningPathIdentifier} from "dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content";
+import { LearningObjectIdentifier, LearningPathIdentifier } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
 
 const EXPECTED_DWENGO_LEARNING_OBJECT_TITLE = 'Werken met notebooks';
 const DWENGO_TEST_LEARNING_OBJECT_ID: LearningObjectIdentifier = {
@@ -105,7 +105,10 @@ describe('LearningObjectService', () => {
             expect(new Set(result.map((it) => it.key))).toEqual(DWENGO_TEST_LEARNING_PATH_HRUIDS);
         });
         it('returns an empty list when queried with a non-existing learning path id', async () => {
-            const result = await learningObjectService.getLearningObjectsFromPath({ hruid: 'non_existing', language: Language.Dutch });
+            const result = await learningObjectService.getLearningObjectsFromPath({
+                hruid: 'non_existing',
+                language: Language.Dutch,
+            });
             expect(result).toEqual([]);
         });
     });
@@ -120,7 +123,10 @@ describe('LearningObjectService', () => {
             expect(new Set(result)).toEqual(DWENGO_TEST_LEARNING_PATH_HRUIDS);
         });
         it('returns an empty list when queried with a non-existing learning path id', async () => {
-            const result = await learningObjectService.getLearningObjectIdsFromPath({ hruid: 'non_existing', language: Language.Dutch });
+            const result = await learningObjectService.getLearningObjectIdsFromPath({
+                hruid: 'non_existing',
+                language: Language.Dutch,
+            });
             expect(result).toEqual([]);
         });
     });
diff --git a/backend/tests/services/learning-path/database-learning-path-provider.test.ts b/backend/tests/services/learning-path/database-learning-path-provider.test.ts
index 3493cb35..80117520 100644
--- a/backend/tests/services/learning-path/database-learning-path-provider.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/services/learning-path/database-learning-path-provider.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity.js';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests.js';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity.js';
@@ -13,14 +14,13 @@ import learningPathExample from '../../test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-exa
 import databaseLearningPathProvider from '../../../src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.js';
 import { expectToBeCorrectLearningPath } from '../../test-utils/expectations.js';
 import learningObjectService from '../../../src/services/learning-objects/learning-object-service.js';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language.js';
 import {
     ConditionTestLearningPathAndLearningObjects,
     createConditionTestLearningPathAndLearningObjects,
 } from '../../test-assets/learning-paths/test-conditions-example.js';
 import { Student } from '../../../src/entities/users/student.entity.js';
 
-import {LearningObjectNode, LearningPathResponse} from "dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content";
+import { LearningObjectNode, LearningPathResponse } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
 
 async function initExampleData(): Promise<{ learningObject: LearningObject; learningPath: LearningPath }> {
     const learningObjectRepo = getLearningObjectRepository();
@@ -105,7 +105,11 @@ function expectBranchingObjectNode(
 
 describe('DatabaseLearningPathProvider', () => {
     let example: { learningObject: LearningObject; learningPath: LearningPath };
-    let persTestData: { learningContent: ConditionTestLearningPathAndLearningObjects; studentA: Student; studentB: Student };
+    let persTestData: {
+        learningContent: ConditionTestLearningPathAndLearningObjects;
+        studentA: Student;
+        studentB: Student;
+    };
 
     beforeAll(async () => {
         await setupTestApp();
diff --git a/backend/tests/services/learning-path/learning-path-service.test.ts b/backend/tests/services/learning-path/learning-path-service.test.ts
index 2a8906df..b4fb2ccc 100644
--- a/backend/tests/services/learning-path/learning-path-service.test.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/services/learning-path/learning-path-service.test.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { setupTestApp } from '../../setup-tests';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
 import { getLearningObjectRepository, getLearningPathRepository } from '../../../src/data/repositories';
 import learningObjectExample from '../../test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example';
 import learningPathExample from '../../test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import learningPathService from '../../../src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service';
 
 async function initExampleData(): Promise<{ learningObject: LearningObject; learningPath: LearningPath }> {
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/dummy/dummy-learning-object-example.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/dummy/dummy-learning-object-example.ts
index 2f2e78ad..cacafc8e 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/dummy/dummy-learning-object-example.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/dummy/dummy-learning-object-example.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { LearningObjectExample } from '../learning-object-example';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { loadTestAsset } from '../../../test-utils/load-test-asset';
 import { DwengoContentType } from '../../../../src/services/learning-objects/processing/content-type';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../../../../src/util/envvars';
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example.ts
index 600a4305..bcc4fd5d 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/pn-werkingnotebooks/pn-werkingnotebooks-example.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { LearningObjectExample } from '../learning-object-example';
-import { Language } from '../../../../src/entities/content/language';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { DwengoContentType } from '../../../../src/services/learning-objects/processing/content-type';
 import { loadTestAsset } from '../../../test-utils/load-test-asset';
 import { EducationalGoal, LearningObject, ReturnValue } from '../../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-essay/test-essay-example.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-essay/test-essay-example.ts
index d57c7a33..1a491682 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-essay/test-essay-example.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-essay/test-essay-example.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { LearningObjectExample } from '../learning-object-example';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
 import { loadTestAsset } from '../../../test-utils/load-test-asset';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../../../../src/util/envvars';
-import { Language } from '../../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { DwengoContentType } from '../../../../src/services/learning-objects/processing/content-type';
 
 const example: LearningObjectExample = {
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-multiple-choice/test-multiple-choice-example.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-multiple-choice/test-multiple-choice-example.ts
index a634878a..cc25ebda 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-multiple-choice/test-multiple-choice-example.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-objects/test-multiple-choice/test-multiple-choice-example.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { LearningObjectExample } from '../learning-object-example';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
 import { loadTestAsset } from '../../../test-utils/load-test-asset';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../../../../src/util/envvars';
-import { Language } from '../../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { DwengoContentType } from '../../../../src/services/learning-objects/processing/content-type';
 
 const example: LearningObjectExample = {
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/learning-path-utils.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/learning-path-utils.ts
index c567de66..135e5c32 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/learning-path-utils.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/learning-path-utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningPathTransition } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path-transition.entity';
 import { LearningPathNode } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example.ts
index 810b4da5..99fa5c52 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/pn-werking-example.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { EnvVars, getEnvVar } from '../../../src/util/envvars';
 import { createLearningPathNode, createLearningPathTransition } from './learning-path-utils';
 import { LearningPathNode } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity';
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/test-conditions-example.ts b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/test-conditions-example.ts
index 07857235..6a89451f 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/test-conditions-example.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-assets/learning-paths/test-conditions-example.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import testMultipleChoiceExample from '../learning-objects/test-multiple-choice/test-multiple-choice-example';
 import { dummyLearningObject } from '../learning-objects/dummy/dummy-learning-object-example';
 import { createLearningPathNode, createLearningPathTransition } from './learning-path-utils';
diff --git a/backend/tests/test-utils/expectations.ts b/backend/tests/test-utils/expectations.ts
index 0dd4399c..25c52e2e 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test-utils/expectations.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test-utils/expectations.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { AssertionError } from 'node:assert';
 import { LearningObject } from '../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
 import { LearningPath as LearningPathEntity } from '../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
 import { expect } from 'vitest';
-import {FilteredLearningObject, LearningPath} from "dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content";
+import { FilteredLearningObject, LearningPath } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/interfaces/learning-content';
 
 // Ignored properties because they belang for example to the class, not to the entity itself.
 const IGNORE_PROPERTIES = ['parent'];
@@ -12,7 +12,13 @@ const IGNORE_PROPERTIES = ['parent'];
  * @param actual The actual entity retrieved from the database
  * @param expected The (previously added) entity we would expect to retrieve
  */
-export function expectToBeCorrectEntity<T extends object>(actual: { entity: T; name?: string }, expected: { entity: T; name?: string }): void {
+export function expectToBeCorrectEntity<T extends object>(
+    actual: { entity: T; name?: string },
+    expected: {
+        entity: T;
+        name?: string;
+    }
+): void {
     if (!actual.name) {
         actual.name = 'actual';
     }
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/assignments.testdata.ts b/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/assignments.testdata.ts
index 7f909de4..722821a0 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/assignments.testdata.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/assignments.testdata.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Connection, EntityManager, IDatabaseDriver } from '@mikro-orm/core';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { Assignment } from '../../../src/entities/assignments/assignment.entity';
 import { Class } from '../../../src/entities/classes/class.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 
 export function makeTestAssignemnts(em: EntityManager<IDatabaseDriver<Connection>>, classes: Array<Class>): Array<Assignment> {
     const assignment01 = em.create(Assignment, {
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/submission.testdata.ts b/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/submission.testdata.ts
index 95dd65df..f51de224 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/submission.testdata.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test_assets/assignments/submission.testdata.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Connection, EntityManager, IDatabaseDriver } from '@mikro-orm/core';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { Submission } from '../../../src/entities/assignments/submission.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { Student } from '../../../src/entities/users/student.entity';
 import { Group } from '../../../src/entities/assignments/group.entity';
 
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-objects.testdata.ts b/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-objects.testdata.ts
index 17ed4f01..760c99a2 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-objects.testdata.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-objects.testdata.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Connection, EntityManager, IDatabaseDriver } from '@mikro-orm/core';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningObject, ReturnValue } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-object.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { DwengoContentType } from '../../../src/services/learning-objects/processing/content-type';
 
 export function makeTestLearningObjects(em: EntityManager<IDatabaseDriver<Connection>>): Array<LearningObject> {
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-paths.testdata.ts b/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-paths.testdata.ts
index 10de885c..d7888928 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-paths.testdata.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test_assets/content/learning-paths.testdata.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Connection, EntityManager, IDatabaseDriver } from '@mikro-orm/core';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { LearningPath } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { LearningPathTransition } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path-transition.entity';
 import { LearningPathNode } from '../../../src/entities/content/learning-path-node.entity';
 
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_assets/questions/questions.testdata.ts b/backend/tests/test_assets/questions/questions.testdata.ts
index cea43e18..fbc79a36 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_assets/questions/questions.testdata.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/test_assets/questions/questions.testdata.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Connection, EntityManager, IDatabaseDriver } from '@mikro-orm/core';
+import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-common/src/util/language';
 import { Question } from '../../../src/entities/questions/question.entity';
-import { Language } from '../../../src/entities/content/language';
 import { Student } from '../../../src/entities/users/student.entity';
 
 export function makeTestQuestions(em: EntityManager<IDatabaseDriver<Connection>>, students: Array<Student>): Array<Question> {
diff --git a/common/src/interfaces/learning-content.d.ts b/common/src/interfaces/learning-content.d.ts
index 5debdff6..bf0f84ff 100644
--- a/common/src/interfaces/learning-content.d.ts
+++ b/common/src/interfaces/learning-content.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Language } from 'dwengo-1-backend/src/entities/content/language.js'
+import { Language } from '../util/language';
 
 export interface Transition {
     default: boolean;
diff --git a/backend/src/entities/content/language.ts b/common/src/util/language.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from backend/src/entities/content/language.ts
rename to common/src/util/language.ts