diff --git a/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts b/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts
index 0097d568..5a450299 100644
--- a/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts
+++ b/backend/src/controllers/learning-paths.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,10 @@ import { themes } from '../data/themes.js';
 import { FALLBACK_LANG } from '../config.js';
 import learningPathService from '../services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.js';
 import { Language } from '@dwengo-1/common/util/language';
-import {
-    PersonalizationTarget,
-    personalizedForGroup,
-    personalizedForStudent,
-} from '../services/learning-paths/learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import { BadRequestException } from '../exceptions/bad-request-exception.js';
 import { NotFoundException } from '../exceptions/not-found-exception.js';
+import {Group} from "../entities/assignments/group.entity";
+import {getGroupRepository} from "../data/repositories";
 
 /**
  * Fetch learning paths based on query parameters.
@@ -20,20 +17,25 @@ export async function getLearningPaths(req: Request, res: Response): Promise<voi
     const searchQuery = req.query.search as string;
     const language = (req.query.language as string) || FALLBACK_LANG;
 
-    const forStudent = req.query.forStudent as string;
     const forGroupNo = req.query.forGroup as string;
     const assignmentNo = req.query.assignmentNo as string;
     const classId = req.query.classId as string;
 
-    let personalizationTarget: PersonalizationTarget | undefined;
+    let forGroup: Group | undefined;
 
-    if (forStudent) {
-        personalizationTarget = await personalizedForStudent(forStudent);
-    } else if (forGroupNo) {
+    if (forGroupNo) {
         if (!assignmentNo || !classId) {
             throw new BadRequestException('If forGroupNo is specified, assignmentNo and classId must also be specified.');
         }
-        personalizationTarget = await personalizedForGroup(classId, parseInt(assignmentNo), parseInt(forGroupNo));
+        forGroup = await getGroupRepository().findOne({
+            assignment: {
+                id: parseInt(assignmentNo),
+                within: {
+                    classId
+                }
+            },
+            groupNumber: parseInt(forGroupNo)
+        }) ?? undefined;
     }
 
     let hruidList;
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ export async function getLearningPaths(req: Request, res: Response): Promise<voi
             throw new NotFoundException(`Theme "${themeKey}" not found.`);
         }
     } else if (searchQuery) {
-        const searchResults = await learningPathService.searchLearningPaths(searchQuery, language as Language, personalizationTarget);
+        const searchResults = await learningPathService.searchLearningPaths(searchQuery, language as Language, forGroup);
         res.json(searchResults);
         return;
     } else {
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ export async function getLearningPaths(req: Request, res: Response): Promise<voi
         hruidList,
         language as Language,
         `HRUIDs: ${hruidList.join(', ')}`,
-        personalizationTarget
+        forGroup
     );
     res.json(learningPaths.data);
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts
index ba312b08..8882ba94 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/database-learning-path-provider.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { getLearningPathRepository } from '../../data/repositories.js';
 import learningObjectService from '../learning-objects/learning-object-service.js';
 import { LearningPathNode } from '../../entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.js';
 import { LearningPathTransition } from '../../entities/content/learning-path-transition.entity.js';
-import { getLastSubmissionForCustomizationTarget, isTransitionPossible, PersonalizationTarget } from './learning-path-personalization-util.js';
+import { getLastSubmissionForGroup, isTransitionPossible } from './learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import {
     FilteredLearningObject,
     LearningObjectNode,
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
     Transition,
 } from '@dwengo-1/common/interfaces/learning-content';
 import { Language } from '@dwengo-1/common/util/language';
+import {Group} from "../../entities/assignments/group.entity";
 
 /**
  * Fetches the corresponding learning object for each of the nodes and creates a map that maps each node to its
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ async function getLearningObjectsForNodes(nodes: LearningPathNode[]): Promise<Ma
 /**
  * Convert the given learning path entity to an object which conforms to the learning path content.
  */
-async function convertLearningPath(learningPath: LearningPathEntity, order: number, personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget): Promise<LearningPath> {
+async function convertLearningPath(learningPath: LearningPathEntity, order: number, personalizedFor?: Group): Promise<LearningPath> {
     // Fetch the corresponding learning object for each node since some parts of the expected response contains parts
     // With information which is not available in the LearningPathNodes themselves.
     const nodesToLearningObjects: Map<LearningPathNode, FilteredLearningObject> = await getLearningObjectsForNodes(learningPath.nodes);
@@ -89,10 +90,10 @@ async function convertLearningPath(learningPath: LearningPathEntity, order: numb
 async function convertNode(
     node: LearningPathNode,
     learningObject: FilteredLearningObject,
-    personalizedFor: PersonalizationTarget | undefined,
+    personalizedFor: Group | undefined,
     nodesToLearningObjects: Map<LearningPathNode, FilteredLearningObject>
 ): Promise<LearningObjectNode> {
-    const lastSubmission = personalizedFor ? await getLastSubmissionForCustomizationTarget(node, personalizedFor) : null;
+    const lastSubmission = personalizedFor ? await getLastSubmissionForGroup(node, personalizedFor) : null;
     const transitions = node.transitions
         .filter(
             (trans) =>
@@ -121,7 +122,7 @@ async function convertNode(
  */
 async function convertNodes(
     nodesToLearningObjects: Map<LearningPathNode, FilteredLearningObject>,
-    personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget
+    personalizedFor?: Group
 ): Promise<LearningObjectNode[]> {
     const nodesPromise = Array.from(nodesToLearningObjects.entries()).map(async (entry) =>
         convertNode(entry[0], entry[1], personalizedFor, nodesToLearningObjects)
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ const databaseLearningPathProvider: LearningPathProvider = {
         hruids: string[],
         language: Language,
         source: string,
-        personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget
+        personalizedFor?: Group
     ): Promise<LearningPathResponse> {
         const learningPathRepo = getLearningPathRepository();
 
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ const databaseLearningPathProvider: LearningPathProvider = {
     /**
      * Search learning paths in the database using the given search string.
      */
-    async searchLearningPaths(query: string, language: Language, personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget): Promise<LearningPath[]> {
+    async searchLearningPaths(query: string, language: Language, personalizedFor?: Group): Promise<LearningPath[]> {
         const learningPathRepo = getLearningPathRepository();
 
         const searchResults = await learningPathRepo.findByQueryStringAndLanguage(query, language);
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-personalization-util.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-personalization-util.ts
index a9175d13..a10d5ead 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-personalization-util.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-personalization-util.ts
@@ -1,76 +1,22 @@
 import { LearningPathNode } from '../../entities/content/learning-path-node.entity.js';
-import { Student } from '../../entities/users/student.entity.js';
 import { Group } from '../../entities/assignments/group.entity.js';
 import { Submission } from '../../entities/assignments/submission.entity.js';
-import { getClassRepository, getGroupRepository, getStudentRepository, getSubmissionRepository } from '../../data/repositories.js';
+import { getSubmissionRepository } from '../../data/repositories.js';
 import { LearningObjectIdentifier } from '../../entities/content/learning-object-identifier.js';
 import { LearningPathTransition } from '../../entities/content/learning-path-transition.entity.js';
 import { JSONPath } from 'jsonpath-plus';
 
-export type PersonalizationTarget = { type: 'student'; student: Student } | { type: 'group'; group: Group };
-
 /**
- * Shortcut function to easily create a PersonalizationTarget object for a student by his/her username.
- * @param username Username of the student we want to generate a personalized learning path for.
- *                 If there is no student with this username, return undefined.
+ * Returns the last submission for the learning object associated with the given node and for the group
  */
-export async function personalizedForStudent(username: string): Promise<PersonalizationTarget | undefined> {
-    const student = await getStudentRepository().findByUsername(username);
-    if (student) {
-        return {
-            type: 'student',
-            student: student,
-        };
-    }
-    return undefined;
-}
-
-/**
- * Shortcut function to easily create a PersonalizationTarget object for a group by class name, assignment number and
- * group number.
- * @param classId Id of the class in which this group was created
- * @param assignmentNumber Number of the assignment for which this group was created
- * @param groupNumber Number of the group for which we want to personalize the learning path.
- */
-export async function personalizedForGroup(
-    classId: string,
-    assignmentNumber: number,
-    groupNumber: number
-): Promise<PersonalizationTarget | undefined> {
-    const clazz = await getClassRepository().findById(classId);
-    if (!clazz) {
-        return undefined;
-    }
-    const group = await getGroupRepository().findOne({
-        assignment: {
-            within: clazz,
-            id: assignmentNumber,
-        },
-        groupNumber: groupNumber,
-    });
-    if (group) {
-        return {
-            type: 'group',
-            group: group,
-        };
-    }
-    return undefined;
-}
-
-/**
- * Returns the last submission for the learning object associated with the given node and for the student or group
- */
-export async function getLastSubmissionForCustomizationTarget(node: LearningPathNode, pathFor: PersonalizationTarget): Promise<Submission | null> {
+export async function getLastSubmissionForGroup(node: LearningPathNode, pathFor: Group): Promise<Submission | null> {
     const submissionRepo = getSubmissionRepository();
     const learningObjectId: LearningObjectIdentifier = {
         hruid: node.learningObjectHruid,
         language: node.language,
         version: node.version,
     };
-    if (pathFor.type === 'group') {
-        return await submissionRepo.findMostRecentSubmissionForGroup(learningObjectId, pathFor.group);
-    }
-    return await submissionRepo.findMostRecentSubmissionForStudent(learningObjectId, pathFor.student);
+    return await submissionRepo.findMostRecentSubmissionForGroup(learningObjectId, pathFor);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts
index 3bf734e7..bc067a41 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-provider.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { LearningPath, LearningPathResponse } from '@dwengo-1/common/interfaces/learning-content';
-import { PersonalizationTarget } from './learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import { Language } from '@dwengo-1/common/util/language';
+import { Group } from "../../entities/assignments/group.entity";
 
 /**
  * Generic interface for a service which provides access to learning paths from a data source.
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ export interface LearningPathProvider {
     /**
      * Fetch the learning paths with the given hruids from the data source.
      */
-    fetchLearningPaths(hruids: string[], language: Language, source: string, personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget): Promise<LearningPathResponse>;
+    fetchLearningPaths(hruids: string[], language: Language, source: string, personalizedFor?: Group): Promise<LearningPathResponse>;
 
     /**
      * Search learning paths in the data source using the given search string.
      */
-    searchLearningPaths(query: string, language: Language, personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget): Promise<LearningPath[]>;
+    searchLearningPaths(query: string, language: Language, personalizedFor?: Group): Promise<LearningPath[]>;
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts
index 0e4d2c5e..73315769 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/learning-paths/learning-path-service.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import dwengoApiLearningPathProvider from './dwengo-api-learning-path-provider.js';
 import databaseLearningPathProvider from './database-learning-path-provider.js';
 import { envVars, getEnvVar } from '../../util/envVars.js';
-import { PersonalizationTarget } from './learning-path-personalization-util.js';
 import { LearningPath, LearningPathResponse } from '@dwengo-1/common/interfaces/learning-content';
 import { Language } from '@dwengo-1/common/util/language';
+import {Group} from "../../entities/assignments/group.entity";
 
 const userContentPrefix = getEnvVar(envVars.UserContentPrefix);
 const allProviders = [dwengoApiLearningPathProvider, databaseLearningPathProvider];
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const learningPathService = {
         hruids: string[],
         language: Language,
         source: string,
-        personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget
+        personalizedFor?: Group
     ): Promise<LearningPathResponse> {
         const userContentHruids = hruids.filter((hruid) => hruid.startsWith(userContentPrefix));
         const nonUserContentHruids = hruids.filter((hruid) => !hruid.startsWith(userContentPrefix));
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ const learningPathService = {
     /**
      * Search learning paths in the data source using the given search string.
      */
-    async searchLearningPaths(query: string, language: Language, personalizedFor?: PersonalizationTarget): Promise<LearningPath[]> {
+    async searchLearningPaths(query: string, language: Language, personalizedFor?: Group): Promise<LearningPath[]> {
         const providerResponses = await Promise.all(
             allProviders.map(async (provider) => provider.searchLearningPaths(query, language, personalizedFor))
         );
diff --git a/backend/tests/setup-tests.ts b/backend/tests/setup-tests.ts
index 5bd2fbd6..0d71b434 100644
--- a/backend/tests/setup-tests.ts
+++ b/backend/tests/setup-tests.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import { makeTestAttachments } from './test_assets/content/attachments.testdata.
 import { makeTestQuestions } from './test_assets/questions/questions.testdata.js';
 import { makeTestAnswers } from './test_assets/questions/answers.testdata.js';
 import { makeTestSubmissions } from './test_assets/assignments/submission.testdata.js';
+import {Collection} from "@mikro-orm/core";
+import {Group} from "../src/entities/assignments/group.entity";
 
 export async function setupTestApp(): Promise<void> {
     dotenv.config({ path: '.env.test' });
@@ -28,8 +30,8 @@ export async function setupTestApp(): Promise<void> {
     const assignments = makeTestAssignemnts(em, classes);
     const groups = makeTestGroups(em, students, assignments);
 
-    assignments[0].groups = groups.slice(0, 3);
-    assignments[1].groups = groups.slice(3, 4);
+    assignments[0].groups = new Collection<Group>(groups.slice(0, 3));
+    assignments[1].groups = new Collection<Group>(groups.slice(3, 4));
 
     const teacherInvitations = makeTestTeacherInvitations(em, teachers, classes);
     const classJoinRequests = makeTestClassJoinRequests(em, students, classes);
diff --git a/backend/tool/seed.ts b/backend/tool/seed.ts
index 3ded9379..f1742b69 100644
--- a/backend/tool/seed.ts
+++ b/backend/tool/seed.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import { makeTestStudents } from '../tests/test_assets/users/students.testdata.j
 import { makeTestTeachers } from '../tests/test_assets/users/teachers.testdata.js';
 import { getLogger, Logger } from '../src/logging/initalize.js';
 import { Collection } from '@mikro-orm/core';
-import { Group } from '../dist/entities/assignments/group.entity.js';
+import { Group } from '../src/entities/assignments/group.entity';
 
 const logger: Logger = getLogger();
 
diff --git a/frontend/package.json b/frontend/package.json
index b6bd5deb..4fbfb0cf 100644
--- a/frontend/package.json
+++ b/frontend/package.json
@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@
         "preview": "vite preview",
         "type-check": "vue-tsc --build",
         "format": "prettier --write src/",
+        "test:e2e": "playwright test",
         "format-check": "prettier --check src/",
         "lint": "eslint . --fix",
-        "test:unit": "vitest --run",
-        "test:e2e": "playwright test"
+        "pretest:unit": "tsx ../docs/api/generate.ts && npm run build",
+        "test:unit": "vitest --run"
     },
     "dependencies": {
         "@tanstack/react-query": "^5.69.0",